Insect Bites
Insect bites occur when insects such as mosquitoes, fleas, bedbugs, or ticks bite the skin and inject saliva, which can cause irritation and allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
These bites can happen indoors or outdoors, and they are more common during warmer months or in areas with high insect populations.
FAQ
Bites can swell a lot in the first 24 hours. They can be warm and tender with clear discharge. This is a reaction to the bite itself, not typically a sign of infection. Infection is a concern if swelling or pain increases after 24-48 hours, such as red streak forms, bite oozes cloudy or smelly discharge, fever, achiness or general malaise develops.
Infected insect bites are diagnosed at least 48 hours after the initial insect bite or sting and by the presence of at least THREE or more of these signs/symptoms:
☐ Redness of skin
☐ Pain or tenderness to the area
☐ Swelling of skin
☐ Skin surrounding the bite feels hot to touch
With ONE or more of:
☐ Redness and swelling of skin surrounding the bite is spreading
☐ There is evidence of pus-filled bumps with discharge at site of bite/sting?
If you meet this criteria our pharmacists can arrange for a video call and a treatment plan.
Here is the inclusion criteria
☐ Children 1 year of age plus
☐ Adults
Here is the exclusion criteria
☐ Under 1 year of age
☐ Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy in individuals under 16 years Of age
☐ Immunosuppressed individuals
Skin redness and itching are common and may last for up to 10 days, avoiding scratching may reduce inflammation and the risk of infection
While most insect bites are mild it's essential to seek medical attention if you experience signs of infection, spreading redness, warmth, or pus.
How common are insect bites
Insect bites are extremely common, with millions of people experiencing them worldwide each year. They can occur in people of all ages and can affect any part of the body exposed to insects.
Symptoms of insect bites
Symptoms of insect bites typically include itching, redness, swelling, and pain at the site of the bite. Some individuals may develop allergic reactions, such as hives, swelling of the face or throat, or difficulty breathing, especially if they are allergic to insect venom.
Causes of insect bites
Insect bites are caused by insects injecting saliva into the skin when they bite. The saliva contains proteins that can trigger an immune response in some people, leading to itching, swelling, and other symptoms. Certain factors, such as spending time outdoors, living in areas with a high insect population, or wearing bright-colored clothing, may increase the risk of insect bites.
Treatment for insect bites
Treatment for insect bites typically involves relieving symptoms and preventing infection. Over-the-counter antihistamines, such as cetirizine or loratadine, can help reduce itching and swelling. Topical corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone cream, can also be applied to the affected area to reduce inflammation. In cases of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), emergency medical attention may be necessary.
Preventing insect bites
Preventing insect bites is essential to avoid discomfort and reduce the risk of allergic reactions or insect-borne diseases. Measures such as wearing long sleeves and pants, using insect repellents containing DEET or picaridin, and avoiding outdoor activities during peak insect activity hours can help minimize the risk of bites. Additionally, inspecting and sealing entry points in homes and using bed nets can help prevent indoor insect bites.
When to seek medical attention
While most insect bites are mild and can be managed at home with over-the-counter treatments, it’s essential to seek medical attention if you experience severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), signs of infection (e.g., spreading redness, warmth, or pus), or difficulty breathing after an insect bite. If you have a known allergy to insect venom or have previously experienced a severe reaction to insect bites, carry an epinephrine auto-injector (e.g., EpiPen) with you at all times and seek immediate medical attention if bitten.
Conclusion
Insect bites are a common occurrence, particularly during warmer months or in areas with high insect populations. While most bites are mild and can be managed at home with symptomatic relief, it’s essential to take preventive measures to avoid bites and seek medical attention if necessary, especially in cases of severe allergic reactions or signs of infection. With proper care and precautions, the risk of insect bites can be minimized, allowing individuals to enjoy outdoor activities safely.
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